Articulatory Phonics 

[Cardinal Vowel System]
    - Created by Daniel Jones
    - compares theoretical vowel qualities against which the actual fows of a language are compared
    - consists of four levels
        - [i]--------------------------|
            \--------------------------|
             \-------------------------|
              [a]----------------------|
                - these are the cardinal locations of which spoken vowels are compared.
[Daniel Jones]
    - 1887 - 1967
    - British
    - phonetician
    - developed cardinal vowel system
    - provided a scheme for phoniticians to plot a graph of actual vowels in a language compared with these ideal 
      positions
[speech sounds]
    -subdivides
        -sonority
        -orality
        -centrality
[sonority]
    -the degree to which a sound resonates
[orality]
    -ĉu air flows through the mouth
[centrality]
    -ĉu air flows over the center of the tongue
[sonarant]
    -subdivides
        -oral
        -nasal
    -sound that resonates
    -sound made with relatively unimpeded airflow
[nonsonarant]
    -= obstruent
    -sound made with impeded airflow
        -stops
        -frictives
[stop]
    -nonsonarant
[frictive]
    -nonsonarant
[sonarant(oral)]
    -air flows orallt to produce sound
    -involves oral airflow regard if the nasal cavity is involved
[sonarant(nasal)]
    -air flows ONLY through the nose to make a sound
    -[m]
        -sonarant(nasal)
    -[n]
        -sonarant(nasal)
[obstruent]
    -= nonsonarant
    -a term in phonology

[sonorant (oral)]
    - central
    - lateral
    - [sonaorant (oral) (central)]
        - air flows over the center of the tongue.
    - [sonaorant (oral) (lateral)]  
        - air flows over the sides of the tongue.
    - always a vowel
    
[vowel]
    - always central oral sonorant
    - prototypically forms the nucleus of a symbol
    - the most prominate peak of a syllable
    - the most accustically resonalt peak of a syllable
    - sometimes functions as a consonant within a syllable
    - compared to theorectical vowel within the cardinal vowel system


[consontant]
    - protypically constitutes the periphery of a syllable
    - either
        |-------
         - precedes
         - follows
        |-------
            -the vowel of a syllable
    - sometimes functions as a vowel within a syllable
[syllable]
    - can contain a vowel that funtions like a consonat.
    - can contain a consonant that functions like a vowel
[theoretical vowel]
    - compared to the actual vowel of a language within a cardinal vowel system
---------------------------------------------IPA symbols----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[a]]
    - the lowest level of of the Cardinal Vowel System
    - the lowest front position that the tongue can assume without resulting in a frictive
[[u]]
    - a very short form of this vowel starts the "w" sound in "with"
[[l]]
    - lateral
    - the most sonoarant element in the word "puddle"
        - a vowel usually does that
[[i]]
    - the hights level of the Cardinal Vowel System
    - the highest front position that the tongue can assume with out resulting in a frictive
[[m]]       
    -sonarant(nasal)
[[n]]
    -sonarant(nasal)
-------------------------------------------------"(...)"----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
["w"] 
    - does not occupy the resonant peak of the syllable  in "with"
["with"]
    - English word
    - essentually starts with a very short [u]